How does anisotropy affect 3D printed parts?

Anisotropy refers to the directional dependence of a material's properties. In the context of 3D printed parts, anisotropy means that the mechanical properties, such as strength, stiffness, and thermal expansion, can vary based on the direction in which they are measured. This characteristic arises due to the layer-by-layer construction process of additive manufacturing, which typically leads to stronger properties in the vertical build direction (z-axis) compared to the horizontal layers (x and y axes). As a result, the printed part may exhibit different performance characteristics when loaded or subjected to forces from different directions, affecting its overall functionality and durability.

Recognizing anisotropy is crucial for designers and engineers in the additive manufacturing field, as it influences how the parts are utilized in practical applications. Understanding the anisotropic behavior allows for better optimization of print orientation and design to improve performance and reliability.